AAWSAP DIRD, Antigravity for Aerospace Applications, March 2010

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nonlinear gravitational permeability, which could dramatically mitigate such large-scale
requirements (see item 1 below for further discussion).
Negative energy has been produced in the lab in very small quantities. The technologies
used for producing negative energy are nascent, and so it will be some time before it
can be ascertained whether they are capable of producing the astronomical amounts of
negative energy required to generate significant antigravity forces as discussed in
Section III-C-2 (see item 2 below for further discussion).
Antigravity forces produced by quantum electromagnetic vacuum ZPF or by
nonretarded quantum interatomic dispersion forces in a curved spacetime (that is,
gravitational field) are very feeble, but there are proposals based on other theoretical
and empirical studies which suggest that these forces can be amplified to macroscopic
level. However, there are a number of difficult technical challenges to overcome in
order to achieve success.
Going forward toward the demonstration of an antigravity generator will require the
following steps to be taken:
•
Antigravity via Dipole Gravitational Field Generators: Presently, the technology does
not exist to achieve the astronomical mass densities, extreme velocities or
accelerations of mass motion, and the large device dimensions required to produce
large enough antigravity forces for useful propulsion. The issues are: 1) dense
materials, and 2) gravitational properties of matter. Forward (Reference 14)
suggests investigating neutron-neutron interactions. One could cool a gas of thermal
neutrons from a nuclear reactor to extremely low temperatures using magnetic
confinement or magneto-gravitational traps, and concentrate them into a small
region through the interaction of the trap's magnetic field with the magnetic
moment of the neutrons. The Fermi energy12 of the bound neutrons limits the
neutron density to ~10-3 kg/m 3 . However, the formation of putative
tetraneutrons13 or the existence of a superconductive-type phase space
condensation will create bosons that do not have this limitation. It turns out that
exotic quantum states of matter such as Bose-Einstein (BE) and Fermionic
condensates14 transcend the Fermi energy limit and thus possess highly unusual
material properties. BE condensates were first created in 1995 and Fermionic
condensates were first created in 2003, but both are still undergoing laboratory
exploration. As for the gravitational properties of matter, one knows from
electromagnetism that the permeability (µ) of magnetic materials such as iron is
anomalously large and nonlinear, which allows for the construction of highly efficient
electromagnetic field generators. The gravitational equivalent to the magnetic
permeability is a property of matter that is still largely unexplored. A material
possessing an anomalously large, very nonlinear gravitational permeability (ri)
would be useful in the construction of highly efficient, very small scale gravitational
field generators. One would expect all materials to have an ri that is different from
rio because the atoms comprising any material have quantum spin. Forward
12 In condensed matter physics, this is the energy of the highest occupied quantum state in a system of fermions
(that is, spin-½ particles such as electrons, nucleons, or atoms) at zero absolute temperature.
13 A hypothetical stable cluster of four neutrons whereby recent empirical evidence suggests it exists. Readers
should consult the technical literature for more information by using "tetraneutrons" as a search term.
14 BE or Fermionic condensates are a macroscopic collection of bosons (spin-1 particles such as nucleons or atoms)
or fermions that collapse into the same quantum state when they form at near-zero absolute temperature.
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