AAWSAP DIRD, Traversable Wormholes, Stargates, and Negative Energy, April 2010

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Figure 8. A Stargate in Times Square
If a small wormhole (three or more dimensional) were to begin to appear or even bump
into our local space, one would perceive this process as the occurrence of an unusually
bright spot in the sky. Blue and red Doppler shifting of this bright spot would manifest
when the intersection of the wormhole with our local space grows or recedes,
respectively.
III. The General Relativistic Definition of Exotic Matter and
the Energy Conditions
This section will consider the physics of the exotic matter that is required to build
traversable wormholes. What exactly is "exotic" matter? In classical physics the energy
density of all observed forms of matter (fields) is non-negative. What is exotic about
the type of matter that must be used to generate traversable wormhole spacetime is
that it must have negative energy density and/or negative flux (Reference 10). The
energy density is "negative" in the sense that the configuration of matter fields one
must deploy to generate and thread a traversable wormhole throat must have an
energy density, pE (= pc2, where pis the rest-mass density), that is less than or equal
to its pressures/tensions, Pi (Reference 1, 3). 4 In many cases, these equations of state
are also known to possess an energy density that is algebraically negative, i.e., the
energy density and flux are less than zero. It is on the basis of these conditions that
4 From this point forward in the text, all Latin indices (e.g., i, j, k =1...3) that are affixed to physical quantities
denote the usual 3-dimensional space coordinates, x1...x3, indicating the spatial components of vector or tensor
quantities.
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