AAWSAP DIRD, Detection and High-Resolution Tracking of Vehicles at Hypersonic Velocities, November 2010

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Contents
Introduction ........... .. ...... .. .............. ...... .. ............. .. ..... ...... ............ .... ...... ............... .... 1
Chapter 1: Theory Governing Objects in Flight ...... .... ........ .. .... .. .... ................................. 3
Subsonic Flow and Drag ............ ............ .......... ............ ........... ....... .......................... 3
Supersonic Flow .. ......... ............. .. ..................................... .... ... ... ...... ......... ... ...... .... 6
Chapter 2: Hypersonic Com pressible Flow Theory .... .. ........ ...................... .. .......... .. ...... . 10
Chapter 3: Detection Technologies .... ..... ... ...... ....... ... ....... ..... ......... ... ..... ..... .......... ..... 11
Electromagnetic Methods .. ......... ... ... .. .. .. .. ....... .. .. .. .. ... .. ......... ..... .... .......... .... .......... 13
RADAR (Reflected Energy) ....... .. ...... .. ............ ...... ..... .. ............ ... ..... .... .......... ..... . 13
Doppler RADAR .. ...... .. .............. ...... .. .... .......... ...... ..... .... ......... .... .... ................. .. 14
Radio Reflection Detection ...... .. ......... .. .......... ... ....... .... ................... ... ................. 15
Optical Methods ................................................................................................... 16
Sky Cameras and Photographic Methods ............................................................... 16
Infrared Detection ............................................................................................. 17
LIDAR.............................................................................................................. 23
Acoustic and Seismic Methods ................................................................................ 25
Recommendation #1 - Build a Database of the Wake Characteristics for Existing Aircraft
Recommendation #2 - Exploit the Detectability of Hypersonic Aircraft Based on the
Recommendation #3 - Explore the Detection of Vehicles Designed To Be Undetectable30
Infrasound ....................................................................................................... 25
Seismic ............................................................................................................ 27
Chapter 4: Vision of Progress Over the Next 30 Years ................................................... 28
Detectability of New Hypersonic Aircraft ................................................................... 29
...................................................................................................................... 29
Features That Allow Them To Fly Efficiently at High Speeds ..................................... 30
Recommendation #4 - Explore the Development of Novel Detectors ......................... 31
Summary ............................................................................................................ 31
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