AAWSAP DIRD, Antigravity for Aerospace Applications, March 2010

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III. Concepts for Antigravity Within General Relativity
In the Sections that follow the known types of antigravity that can be derived from
Einstein's General Theory of Relativity are described and summarized, which is the
modern relativistic theory of gravity.
ANTIGRAVITY VIA GRAVITOMAGNETIC FORCES
Historical Foundations
Heaviside (Reference 7) (in 1883), Einstein (prior to the 1916 publication of his General
Theory of Relativity), Thirring (Reference 8,9), and Thirring and Lense (Reference 10)
(see also, Reference 11) showed that general relativity theory provides a number of
ways to generate non-Newtonian gravitational forces via the splitting of gravitation into
electric and magnetic field type components. These forces can be used to counteract
the Earth's gravitational field, thus acting as a form of antigravity. General relativity
theory predicts that a moving source of mass-energy can create forces on a test body
which are similar to the usual centrifugal and Coriolis forces, although much smaller in
magnitude. These forces create accelerations on a test body that are independent of
the mass of the test body, and the forces are indistinguishable from the usual
Newtonian gravitational force. The Earth's gravitational field can be counteracted by
generating these forces in an upward direction at some spot on the Earth.
Forward (Reference 12) linearized Einstein's general relativistic field equation and
developed a set of dynamic gravitational field relations similar to Maxwell's
electromagnetic field relations. The resulting linearized gravitational field relations are a
version of Newton's law of gravitation that obeys special relativity. The linearized
gravitational field relations show that there is a unique correspondence between the
gravitational field and the electric field. For example, the Newtonian gravitational field
of an isolated mass is the gravitational analog to the electric field of an isolated electric
charge.
Likewise, there is an analogy to a magnetic field contained within the linearized
gravitational field relations. In Maxwellian electrodynamics, a magnetic field is due to
the flow of an electric charge or an electric current. In other words, the electric field
surrounding an electric charge in motion will appear as a magnetic field to stationary
observers. If the observers move along with the charge, they see no relative motion,
and so they will only observe the charge's electric field. Thus, the magnetic field is
simply an electric field that is looked at in a moving frame of reference. In an analogous
fashion, the linearized gravitational field relations show that if a (gravitational) mass is
set into motion and forms a mass current, then a new type of gravitational field is
created that has no source and no sink. This is called the Lense-Thirring effect, or
rotational frame dragging effect, in which rotating bodies literally drag spacetime
around themselves.
Forward's Dipole Gravitational Field Generator
Forward (Reference 13,14) used the linearized gravitational field relations plus aspects
of the Lense-Thirring effect to develop models for generating antigravity forces. One
example of an antigravity generator is based on a system of accelerated masses whose
mass flow can be approximated by the electrical current flow in a wire-wound torus.
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