AAWSAP DIRD, Ultracapacitors as Energy and Power Storage Devices, November 2010

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Sintered TIC plate
TIC plate
-
CDC film
D
Teflon plates
\
-
Electrolyte + eparator
C-CDC film
2. C II a
embly
Figure 10. CDC Synthesis and Electrochemical Test Cell Preparation Schematic.42
Electrochemical measurements of CDC films were carried out in a three-electrode
configuration with a large, overcapacitive activated carbon counter-electrode in both lM
TEABF4 and lM H2SO4, as well as two-electrode cells with symmetric bulk CDC film
electrodes. Volumetric capacitance was calculated for each of the different film
thicknesses (shown in Figure 11). For both TEABF4 and H2SO4, the volumetric
capacitance decreases with increasing coating thickness. Th is is especially pronounced
in the organic electrolyte, where there is a huge increase in volumetric capacitance as
the film thickness decreases from 200 to ~2 mm.
A
180
6j'
E 160
.!:?
~ 140
Q)
0
C: 120
l!!
-~ 100
a.
ca
0
80
0
·c:
'1ii
60
E
:::, g 40
•
20
B
180
r;,
E 160
~ 140
¢1
0
C:
120
19
'ij
100
~
<11
0
80
0
~ 60
•
E
:::, g 40
20
0
50
100
150
200
250
0
20
40
60
80
100 120 140
Coating thickness (µm)
Coaling thickness (µm)
Figure 11. Volumetric Capacitance of the Films in (A) TEABF4 and ( B) H2S0 4.43
MAGNETIC CAPACITORS
Giant magneto capacitance (GMC) is a quantum mechanical effect observed in thin-fi lm
structures composed of alternating ferromagnetic and nonmagnetic layers.44• 45 Such
materials have been reported to have increased permittivity by 109.46 This material
behavior norma lly occurs at temperatures well below 273K and has only recently been
reported in the literature above this temperature.47 However, since 2007, Northern
Lights Semiconductor Corp. {NLSC) has been developing a magnetic capacitor {MCap)
that utilizes a material which exhibits the GMC above 300K.
Structured like the basic flat-plate capacitor, an MCap nanocell features a proprietary
dielectric layer sandwiched between two magnetized layers. Each magnetic material
layer is made of multiple nanometer-thick thin-film layers. Millions of MCap nanocells
are created and linked using a semiconductor thin-film process, producing the MCap cell
on a wafer {Figure 12).
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21